Overhead hoist safety training is needed by anyone who operates, rigs for or works around overhead pendant hoists. That includes maintenance staff, plant operators and public works crews in shops, treatment plants and pump stations. Employers should make sure only trained, authorized employees operate hoists and that coworkers know to stay clear of loads.

In general industry, OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.179 covers overhead and gantry cranes, including their hoisting equipment, inspection and operation. Many employers also follow ASME B30.16, the consensus standard for overhead hoists. Public agency workers may be covered by a state plan, so check which rules apply to your facility.

Before using an overhead pendant hoist, check that pendant controls work and are clearly labeled, and that the hook and safety latch are undamaged. Inspect the wire rope or load chain for kinks, wear, stretched links or broken wires. Confirm brakes and limit switches work, and remove any damaged hoist from service.

The main hazards of operating an overhead hoist are dropped loads, overloading, side pulling and swinging loads that strike people or equipment. Worn wire rope or chain can fail without warning. Operators should never lift over people, should stay within rated capacity and should keep the load under control at all times.

A wire rope hoist lifts with a steel cable wound on a drum, while a chain hoist uses welded link load chain. Wire rope hoists often suit heavier loads and longer lifts. Chain hoists are compact and common in shops and plants. Hoists may be powered electrically, pneumatically or by hand.